The WWW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The WWW - Essay Example rt documents that are specially formatted using a mark-up language that is referred to as HyperText Mark-up Language (HTML).This language supports links to other documents and graphics, video files and audio. By using the www, one can move from a document to the next by clicking on hotspots. A hotspot is an area of graphics object that helps in the activation of a function when clicked or selected. It is common in multimedia applications. It is important to understand that not all internet servers are classified as part of the www (In Bruck & In Rao, 2013). The internet is an information system of interlinked hypertext documents that are accessed via the internet, acting like a layer on top of the internet to make it more usable. It is a collection of web servers that host websites that in turn host text documents, pictures, videos and audios, linked by hyperlinks and URLs, usually accessed by web browsers from web servers. The World Wide Web (also WWW) is often assumed to be the same thing as the internet, a case that is untrue. The internet refers to a worldwide scheme of interconnected computer networks. The internet’s relationship with the World Wide Web is that the WWW is transferred using these networks, thus acting like a layer on top of the internet. When one connects their computer to the internet via an Internet Service Provider (ISP), they form a section of the ISP’s network that is linked to other networks that form part of the internet. The internet links several billion gadgets across the world, including computers and mobile phones and tablets. It is a giant network- within which there are other private, public, academic, business and government networks that are connected through a range of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. Web-surfing aside, the internet can also be used to share files (for example music and video files), computer programs, Usernet newsgroups, messages (Internet Relay Chats) as well as email messages

Spam Detection and Categorisation & Network Protection using a Lab Report

Spam Detection and Categorisation & Network Protection using a Firewall - Lab Report Example Solutions are implemented by keeping in mind the cost and time constraints for the processing of emails to be filtered. Receiving thousand of emails on the email server situate load and degrading the performance of the email server. The Anti spam system uses combine key method for recognizing the relevant datasets required as per defined rules. The anti spam engine detects the parameters from the email message header, database stores and learns the email parameters just like a switch maintaining a MAC table in its database. The selection of Parameters will depend on the security policy of the organization. The unique identification (UID) or fingerprint will be stored in the database of the anti spam system against each recipient email address. Before delivering the email to the recipient, the spam engine searches for the UID of the email which is received on the organization’s domain, so that the processing time can be minimized. The emails of which UID has already been stored in the database will be delivered to the recipient The spam engine proceeds further and check the sender’s IP address and email address in the outbound recipient’s category, if the criteria have been fulfilled, then the email message will be delivered to the recipient. And if not, the email will be stored in the unknown emails category which can be released after checking whether any new host needs to be added in the safe list. Email size, images parameters can also be defined for providing more restrictions as per IT policy. The Firewall should be deployed in such a way that the traffic, whether it is inbound or outbound should not pass to the organization critical servers without filtration via firewall. The rules defined in the firewall device or server should not conflict with other rules. It is not necessary to be aware of the traffic coming from the internet, but it is necessary to filter inbound traffic

Strategic Planning And Analysis Of Primark Marketing Essay

Strategic Planning And Analysis Of Primark Marketing Essay Strategic Planning is a complete process about making strategies, or direction, and allocation of recourses to achieve targets. There are numbers of business analysis techniques which can be used in strategic planning and these are SWOT Analysis PEST Analysis STEER Analysis EPISTEL Analysis Strategic planning simply describes the main objectives and future targets of the organization and the efficient and effective process to achieve those targets. Strategic planning covers three main areas which are as follows Present Position Future Prospects and targets Means to achieve those targets PRIMARK Primark is a one of the leading clothing chain of UK. It was founded in June 1969 in Mary Street Dublin under the trading name of PENNEYS. The store added four more brances in local area within its first year of operation. The first store which was opened outside Dublin was opened in Cork in 1971. In that year there were 12 more stores opened 11 in irland and 1 in Northeren Irland. Move Into Great Britain In 1973, four out-of-town stores opened and like this Primark began its trading operations in Great Britain. In 1984, the first multiple acquisition took place when five Woolworth stores were purchased in Ireland. Further in 1984 to 1994 in ten year period Primark opened 25 stores together in UK and Ireland. In 1992 one of BHS stores was purchased and added in the chain. The year 1995 was the year in which primark made most of its expension when the acquisition of the BHS One-Up-Discount chain took place. With this major expension 16 sotres wew added in UK region and most of them in Greater London with a significant sizes. Another major aquisation was in 1999 when 11 Co-Op stores were added. In 2000, another 11 stores acquired from C A. In October 2001 massive store was opened in Manchester. Primark continued its expension in the following year. As a result, number of reached to 109 in the end of 2001 consisting 75 in Uk and 34 in Ireland. In 2005 six stores were acquired from Allders. In April 2007 two more stores were opened, one in London and the other one was in Livelpool. Entrance to Europe Primark entered in Europe by opening a store in Spain in May 2006 and later in the same year in Semtember a second store was opened in Murica. In 2007 two stores were opened in Spain and in Xanadu. In 2008 three more sotres were opened in Bilbao, Islazul and in Oviedo. In the same year more braches were open in Parque, Zaragoza, Asturias and Coruna. Primark entered in Netherlands market in 2008 by opening its first store in Rotterdam. In 2009 more stores were added in eorupe business by opening the branches in Portugal, Germany and Belgium. Currently, In total 196 stores are in business under the name of PRIMARK. The counts is as follows   Region Number of Branches UK   138 Ireland 38   Spain 14 Portugal 2 The Netherlands   1 Belgium 1 Germany 2 Total 196 STRATEGIC PLANNING HISTORY OF PRIMARK Primark is second largest clothing retailer and runs 13 department including Children wear, women wear, men wear, foot wear, assocries and house holds. New and fashion able clothing with cheap prices are very challenging task among the high intensity of competition among the competitors. Primark has a firmly defined target consumers which are under 35 age group. There are two main methods to earn profits more than normal rates, by establishing a product leader ship or can be through cost leader ship. Primark established a cost leadership because in cost leader ship the firm supplies same product at lower price rather then to provide strong differentiation as like in product leader shipe where coustomers are ready to pay high prices. Primark established a strong strategy of cost leader ship. This strategy is pursued by companies selling affordable products across all sectors. In united states, Southewest Airline has same strategy with success in aviation sector. To maintain this strategy Primark always focuses on buying, logistics and supply chain management. To get world wide fashion trends and discovering of cheap supplies a separate team has been set in UK that travels all over the world. The company sources the manufacturing of its clothes to developing countries like India which have cheap labor. With this strategy PRIMARK saves huge cost. Primark also keep a strong warehousing and distribution network because of its strategy to reduce the time-to-market to as less as possible. To keep that promise Primark uses computerized customs clearance. TNT who provide logestic service world wide, dedicates one of its huge ware house exclusively to Primark stock distribution. Primark established a customer confidence about its cheap price promises. To sustain this strategy Primark has to maintain high efficiency level and effective cost controls on on going basis. WOOLWORTHS Woolworths, the high street retail chain that collapsed in 2008, was founded in 1909. Since then it had grown into a chain of about 800 stores. But the recent history is one of trials and tribulations that ended in entering into administration in November 2008. The retailer faced intense competition from supermarket chains like Sainsbury, Tesco etc. Lately it had entered into entertainment and electronics retail after its acquisition of Entertainment UK. In September 2008, Woolworths announced a pre-tax loss of pound 99 million for the six months ending on August 2, 2008. The company then embarked on a turnaround plan. It decided to sell 120 stores, axe about one-fourth of its products from the stores , reduce web operations and cut jobs. In 2008 the financial crisis brought a severe credit squeeze. The companys banks, GMAC and Burdale decided to recall their loans. The company that was burdened with debts worth pound 385 million had to enter administration. By January 2009 all 807 Woolworths stores in UK were closed. But Woolworths was more a casualty of its flawed strategic planning than the economic recession. STRATEGIC PLANNING AT WOOLWORTH Woolworths strategy had no target segment or focus point. It lacked a single Unique Selling Proposition ( USP).Its product leadership was in the pic n mix sweets. In other product segments like music, books toys etc it was neither a product leader nor a cost leader. (Chandler 1990) Even in the childrens clothes and school uniform segment it soon lost its leadership to retailers like Asda and Tesco. Woolworths strategy had always been to achieve cost leadership. The original US chain founded by Frank Woolworth sold everything at 5 cents. When the chain opened its first store in UK in Liverpool, every item was priced below 6 pence. Woolworths pursued successfully this cost leadership strategy for many years after that. It reached its peak in the 60s and 70s. The company hardly spent anything on branding. Its stores were without frills. But lately the company lost its cost leadership to discounters like Wilkinsons, Tesco etc. Almost anything that it sold now, the competitors were able to sell at a lower or at least the same price. Woolworths was also using a lot of debt or leverage in its capital structure. It was also using debt to open new stores. While it was opening new stores, many of its existing stores were in mess. Another part of Woolworths strategy, right from the beginning, was to sell a variety of merchandise. In its early days the chain was able to undersell its competitors through mass production. This strategy worked so well that at one point of time Woolworth was opening one new store every seventeen days. The IPO of Woolworths in the London Stock Exchange was so successful that for just 15% offloading of its equity in Woolworths UK, the parent company was able to give its shareholders a dividend of 90 cents for every dollar worth of their shares. During the World War-2 the company suffered badly with many of its stores bombed and destroyed during the air raids. Prominent among them was the bombing of the New Cross High Street store in which 160 people were killed. The post-war inflation forced it to give up its under six pence strategy. (Cooper 2003) Woolworths then capitalized on the pop mania of Beatles. It made a fortune selling the Beatles merchandise like dolls and other mascots. It followed this by expanding its entertainment offerings. For opening new stores, Woolworth was taking the real estate on rent or lease. At the last count it had about 700 landlords. Its lease payments were rising at the rate of 2.5% per year. Its rent bill had soared from pound 70 million in 1998 to pound 160 million in 2008. So when the credit crunch and the recession started, Woolworths had no fixed assets to fall back on. After its demerger with Kingfisher in 1982, Woolworths aimed long term growth through operating the following: (Coulson 2004) Hypermarkets. The Big W stores. Woolworths general stores. Streets online. But the company soon reversed its strategy, discontinued the above three stores and started focusing once again on its traditional strength products like confectionery, toys and entertainment. But in spite of narrowing its focus in order to cut costs, Woolworths was not able to match competitors like Wilkinson and Poundland which ate into its market share. Even in the range of product offering, it proved to be no match to Tesco.Its price points were higher and it also lost out on the convenience quotient. When all its strategies failed to bring a turnaround it approached the restructuring specialist Hilco. Hilco agreed to buy Woolworth for a nominal sum of pound 1 and take pound 300 million debt of the retailer. But at the last minute the deal was thwarted by its lenders, Burdale and GMAC. This led the retailer into administration in November 2008, just before the peak Christmas season. (Fifield 1998) COMPARISON AND CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE STRATEGIC PLANNING OF PRIMARK AND WOOLWORTHS The strategic plan of Primark consisted of the strategy of growing inorganically as well as organically. For inorganic growth it made strategic acquisitions. For its organic growth the company successfully pursued cost leadership. It was also successful in churning out fashionable clothes that were up to the latest trends. And it churned these at very affordable prices. It did so through strategically using outsourcing and having an integrated supply chain that was extremely fast in delivering. It has a much focused target segment of consumers. (Fleming 2009) If we conduct the SWOT analysis of Primark, we get the following: Strengths- Its cost leadership and its supply chain and logistics processes. These have become a source of competitive advantage for the company. Weakness- It is not into branding. Lack of having brands with high brand equity may hurt its profitability in future. Excessive reliance on outsourcing for manufacturing and supply chain processes make it dependent on suppliers and vendors. Opportunities- There are huge opportunities for retailers of discount fashion clothing. The recession has reduced the disposable income and the consumers have become more value conscious. Threats- The company has recently come under the attack of anti-poverty campaigners for the sweat shops in Bangladesh and India. The company is fighting off its reputation of being an unethical company driven solely by the lust for more profits. On the competitive front it has tough competition in the form of Marks Spencer, Debenhams etc. FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS OF PRIMARK Threat of competitors or intensity of rivalry- The competitive rivalry is reasonably high in the discount fashion segment. Threat of substitutes- The threat of substitutes is high. Fashionable clothes have a large number of substitutes. Bargaining power of suppliers- Discount chains like Primark use a lot of outsourcing from developing countries like India, Bangladesh etc. The bargaining power of these suppliers is low as they are dependent for their revenues on large clients like Primark. Bargaining power of customers- The bargaining power of customers is high. Customers of discount chains like Primark are bargain hunters who look for the best bargain. (Oakland 2003) Threat of new entrants- To produce fashionable clothes at the lowest prices is quite a challenging task. This raises naturally a high barrier to entry. Thus the threat of new entrants is significantly lowered. CORE COMPETENCY OF PRIMARK Core competency is that capability which is central to the existence of a business or corporation. A capability or set of capabilities qualify as core competency if they have the following attributes: (Peter 1989) It is the source of value proposition to the customers. It is difficult for competitors to acquire similar capabilities. The capabilities can be leveraged across different products and markets. The core competency of Primark is to produce fashionable clothes for as low prices as possible. It has been able to do so through entering into strategic partnerships with companies like TNT logistics and outsourcing manufacturing to cheap offshore locations like Bangladesh. VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF PRIMARK The value chain of any organization is divided into two types of activities: Primary activities. Secondary activities. The primary activities of the value chain comprise the following: Inbound logistics. Manufacturing. Outbound logistics. Marketing and Sales. Services. The secondary activities include: Human Resource Management. Technology support and research and development. Procurement. Primark has been able to gain and sustain competitive advantage by focusing on inbound logistics (supply chain), outbound logistics (distribution network), manufacturing (outsourcing to cheaper destinations), technology support (computerized supply chain and distribution connected to point of sales). (Pride, Hughes, Kapoor 2009) As far as its marketing strategy is concerned it has responded to the 4Ps of the marketing mix in the following ways: Product- It has been able to understand the latest trends in fashion. A team of experts travels across the globe and monitors new trends in fashion. Price- The company has been able to deliver the products at very low prices. Place- Primark has an effective distribution network. Its stores are located strategically. Promotion- Primark does not spend too much in branding or promotions. Woolworths, on the other hand, lacked a clear strategic plan. It seemed to be bungling with its strategy. It made many strategic experiments, all of which failed to sustain the 99 year old chain. The SWOT analysis of Woolworths, done retrospectively, reveals the following: Strengths- A ninety-nine years old brand name and a reasonable number of loyal customers. It has a very high brand recall and brand recognition. Weakness- It has no target segment. It lacks product leadership as well as cost leadership. It is trying to sell too many products and is competing across too many categories. Opportunities- The opportunities for discount retailers are always high, especially for high street retailers like Woolworths. Threats- The threats are many. It is using too much debt. It is into too many lease agreements. Most of its stores are on rent. It lacks fixed assets to fall back upon. FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS OF WOOLWORTHS The five forces analysis of Woolworths, if done just before its collapse, reveals the following: (Robert 2008) Threat of competitors- Formidable competitors in the likes of Wilkinson, Tesco etc. Wilkinson and Poundland are especially threatening as they are eating into the share of Woolworths. Threat of Substitutes- The threat of substitutes is high in the retail industry. Bargaining power of the customers- The intensity of competition, the business model to offer products at discounted rates; all serve to increase the bargaining power of customers of a chain like Woolworths. Bargaining power of suppliers- The bargaining power of suppliers is not that high. But since Woolworths was operating on rented real-estate, the bargaining power of landlords (suppliers of real estate) had increased tremendously. The annual rise in the rate of rents of Woolworths was 2.5%. Threat of new entrants- The capital intensive nature of the business raises barriers to entry. Thus the threat of new entrants is not that high. CORE COMPETENCY OF WOOLWORTHS The core competency of Woolworths had been once its capability to offer the lowest cost products in categories like children clothing. It also enjoyed product leadership in pic n mix sweets which it continued to enjoy till its very last days. VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF WOOLWORTHS The key to maintaining cost leadership is managing the value chain activities well. Woolworths failed to manage these value chain activities as well as competitors like Tesco, Poundland etc.It was unable to get the lowest cost supplies. Its distribution (outbound logistics) was such that was unable to enhance its convenience quotient. During its hey-days the company was efficient in large scale manufacturing that enabled it to get lowest cost products through economies of scale. Later on it failed to manage this value chain activity as well. Because of the mismanagement of its value chain activities, Woolworths soon lost its competitive advantage. Primark was able to execute the how question of its strategic plan well. It was able to have such processes that enabled it to achieve its objectives. Woolworths failed on both what and how aspects of strategic planning. It lacked vision about where it wanted to reach in future. And since it did not know where to go (goals and objectives), it also did not know how to reach there. Its strategy was like groping in the dark. It was opening too many stores on debt; it had no target segment and finally it was dealing in too many products. As a result both diseconomies of scale and scope had set in. (Sheshinski, Strom, Baumol 2007) OUTCOME OF THE TWO COMPANIES The outcomes have been starkly opposite for both the companies. For the year to 12 September, 2009, Primarks sales jumped by 20%. Its profits were up by 8% to pound 252 million. The company has acquired the nicknames of Primarni or Pradamark because of its ability to sell catwalk fashion at rock bottom prices. In the recession hit economy of UK, which has entered its six consecutive quarter of GDP contraction, Primark has increased its retail space by 9%. It opened six new stores in UK since the recession started.The chain also contributed 40% to the profits of AB foods which is its holding company. Its stores in the continent are also performing well, especially those in Germany. To support its high rate of growth during recession, Primark opened a new distribution centre in Thrapston, Northampton shire. On the other hand, the recession proved to be the final nail in the coffin of Woolworths. Its debt of pound 340 million proved to be too much. All efforts to salvage it failed when its lenders, GMAC and Burdale, recalled their loans. In November 2008 it entered into administration. Neville Kahn, Dann Butters and Nick Dargan of Deloitte were appointed joint administrators. On 26th November 2008, trading in the Woolworth groups shares was suspended. The 807 stores of Woolworths were closed in phases. In the last days, the stores offered discounts as high as 90% in order to dispose of their merchandise. Some of the stores have been reported to have sold their fixtures and fittings also. 207 of these stores closed two days after Christmas on 27th December 2008. The remaining stores were also closed by 6th January 2009. Approximately 30000 jobs were lost as the 99 year old chain went under, in its centenary year. Now Woolworths has come in its new incarnation of a purely online store from its earlier version of a brick-and-mortar retail chain. After it entered administration and was closed down the Woolworths brand name was bought by Shop Direct Group. On 2nd February 2009, Shop Direct announced its intention to continue Woolworth as a purely online store.The online store uses the same URL as the earlier Woolworths groups retail website, Woolworths.co.uk. The outcomes of the strategic planning could not have been more different for both the companies. Primark capitalized on the need of lower cost fashionable clothes during the current recession. Woolworths through its faulty strategic planning, or more accurately, through its lack of strategic planning became its prey.

religion Essay -- essays research papers

My Religious Odyssey You can take the girl out of Catholic School†¦ Most people grow up with some type of belief system. Judaism, Christianity, Islam and even Agnosticism are some examples. It wasn’t until I had a child that I realized that religion was just man’s way of explaining God. Even as a kid, however, I always believed in a higher being. Not just because of my very heavy-handed Catholic upbringing. I questioned many things about my religion. Since I loved science, I was confused about how the â€Å"Big Bang† and Adam and Eve coexisted, but I always knew that God existed. I had no scientific irrefutable evidence – I just had faith. You know how they say everything you ever really need to know you learned by first grade? Well it wasn’t until I had both my faith and my life tested, that I fully came to realize that one’s spiritual journey in life doesn’t have so much to do with what religion one surrounds herself with, as much as the faith that one has in God. Faith is what defines a personâ€⠄¢s spirituality as opposed to specific religions. I was raised in a Catholic upbringing. I grew up in Chicago, which has the second largest archdiocese in the U.S. I was baptized as an infant at St. Sabina’s and attended high school at Mother McAuley Liberal Arts, run by the Sisters of Mercy nuns. Catholicism is a religion steeped in ritual and tradition and so I vividly remember my first holy communion in the first or second grade, and my Confirmation, when in the seventh grade I reaffirmed my decision to be both a Catholic and a Christian. I also remember the many hours of study, every year, in religion classes that were required in each grade level. I had cousins who weren’t Catholic who spoke of religion classes taking place only in Sunday school. I did not have Sunday school. I had Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday school. Every class attended mass at least one other day during the week, in addition to Sunday. I remember learning how to pray the rosary beads and knowing certain holy days and saints, important to the Catholic religion. We also participated in confession, where we told a priest about our sins and transgressions, and he gave us a penance to absolve us from guilt. If one is looking for a pomp and circumstance religion, then Catholicism is the one for you. Since about eighty-five percent of the school also attended the church, th... ...c ministry featured both the gospel music I had come to love at Lincoln Heights in addition to the hymns I grew up with at St. Margaret. The pastor believed that he was a sinner just like me and spoke of the church in terms of God’s people, versus a building. Most importantly, I felt a strong connection between myself and God and the other worshippers. They seemed to sense that I needed assistance in my spiritual odyssey, and reached out to me. Most of the congregation had attended Carmel Presbyterian for generations and were looking for new people to help rejuvenate the church. They openly embraced my family and we happily reciprocated. I had finally found a church home. Throughout my religious odyssey, from Catholicism to Baptist beliefs to Presbyterian creed, faith in God remained the one consistent sustaining value in my life. Faith helped me determine that religion by itself is not the most important qualifier in a person’s spiritual odyssey. Faith also helped me to develop a closer relationship with God and is what helped fortify my spiritual growth throughout difficult life struggles. Faith in God versus faith in religion is what most matters on life’s spiritual journey.

Guide to registration on the childcare register Essay

The parents of Anjum a little girl who is new to your setting moved to England only 3 months ago. Yours is the first setting that they have used for 18 month old Anjum. They have very little understanding of the legislation covering home based childcare or the role of the regulatory body. QUESTION 1 †¢Consider 4 pieces of legislation that are important for home based childcarers and how you would outline these to Anjum’s parents? There are over 20 pieces legislation currently used to protect children and their parents whilst using home based care settings. I have outlined 4 pieces of legislation that I believe are important to home –based childcarers. Children Act 2004 This act sets out the processes for integrating services to children in England and Wales, requiring local authorities and their partners to co-operate in promoting the welfare and wellbeing of children. It created the post of Children’s Commissioner for England and introduced the requirement for local authorities to have a director of children’s services. The Introduction of The Children Act was the first time that a UK law had acknowledged that children had rights. It Places responsibility on home based child carers to help a child meet the following five priority outcomes: Be healthy Stay safe – Enjoy and achieve – Make a positive contribution – Achieve economic wellbeing – Childcare Act 2006 The Childcare Act 2006 is a pioneering piece of legislation. It is the first ever act to be exclusively concerned with early years and childcare. The act has helped to transform childcare and early years services in England. Measures in the act formalise the important strategic role local authorities play through a set of new duties. These duties will require authorities to: †¢Improve the five Every Child Matters outcomes for all pre-school children and reduce inequalities in these outcomes †¢Secure sufficient childcare for working parents †¢Provide a better parental information service †¢The act also reforms and simplifies early years regulation and inspection arrangements, providing for a new integrated education and care quality framework for pre-school children and also for the new Ofsted Childcare Register. The Childcare 2006 Act has four parts: 1. Provision of Childcare This requires local authorities to assess the need for child care and ensure sufficient provisions are made for working parents. The child care must meet the needs of all types of families especially those with lower income and disabled and those with special needs. 2. Information, Advice and Training Local authorities must also provide training and advice to persons who wish to be providers of child care. 3. Introduction of The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) This is an education framework introduced to all providers of care for 0 -8 years. Its aims are to support and teach providers in delivery of early education to babies and children. This act also introduced free nursery hours for children aged 3 and upwards. 4. Reform of the Regulation and Inspection of Childcare This part focuses on raising quality and standards of pre-school care and education and requires all providers of childcare aged 0 -8 years to be registered on the Early Years register and be monitored by the regulatory  body (UK regulatory body) OFSTED (unless exceptionally exempt). Evidence must be shown that these child care providers are continually working in line with the EYFS. The Childcare Act is of vital importance as it requires by law, those providing care to babies and children 0-8 to maintain constant high standards and that sufficient safe guards are in place and also education and development opportunities are easily obtainable for both the children being cared for, but also for the child care provider. This Childcare act has had a highly positive effect on the childcare offered throughout communities, ensuring that suitable care is within everyone’s reach regardless of their socially economic situation, the depth of their child’s needs or their cultural and racial backgrounds. The act has successfully endeavoured to eradicate childcare providers offering substandard care and learning opportunities to those they are accountable for. This of course has had an excellent impact on all children who have care provided for them outside of the family unit. Equality Act 2010 This is a relatively new legislation which replaces various discrimination acts and puts them under one heading and makes them easier to understand. The Equality Act legally protects people from discrimination in the work place and wider society. Legally people are protected if they are discriminated for their gender, race, religion, disability, breastfeeding mothers are now also covered by the law and women who are being paid less than a man doing the same job. These are just a small example of the people and situations that are covered by this law since 2010 as there are many more illustrations, the list is non exhaustive as practically anyone can be discriminated against for a multitude of reasons. The Equality Act is there to protect everyone whether in employment or not. It is there to ensure we are all on an equal footing and that everyone regardless of their social status, race, sex, sexual orientation, religion, mental health or intellectual acuity is treated with due respect and presented with equal opportunities. Data Protection Act (1998) The Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA 1998) is an act defining the ways in which  information about people may be legally used and handled. The main intent is to protect individuals against misuse or abuse of information about them. There are six main parts that outline the basic rights of individuals and how information about them is handled. The law states that all information written or spoken must be processed fairly and lawfully, be obtained for lawful purposes and in a manner compatible with the given purpose, it must be relevant and not excessive, current and accurate, not be shared with any other party unless written permission is given and be protected against loss or damage. This is a fact/Info sheet to be given and discussed to with Anjum’s parents to go through the 4 legislations that I have highlighted as important to home base childcarer’s service. LEGISLATION There are over 20 pieces of legislation I follow as a childminder. Below I have listed 4 that underpin and important for home based childcarers. 1. Children Act 2004 – identifies the needs of the child is paramount. Here are the 5 EVERY CHILD MATTERS priority outcomes. Be healthy – Stay safe – Enjoy and achieve – Make a positive contribution – Achieve economic wellbeing – 2. Children Act 2006 – Measures in the act formalise the important strategic role local authorities play through a set of new duties. These duties require authorities to: †¢Improve the five Every Child Matters outcomes for all pre-school children and reduce inequalities in these outcomes †¢Secure sufficient childcare for working parents †¢Provide a better parental information service †¢The act also reforms and simplifies early years regulation and inspection arrangements, providing for a new integrated education and care quality  framework for pre-school children and also for the new Ofsted Childcare Register 3. EQUALITY ACT 2010 .The Equality Act legally protects people from discrimination in the work place and wider society. Legally people are protected if they are discriminated for their gender, race, religion or disability. 4. DATA PROTECTION 1998 .The Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA 1998) is an act defining the ways in which information about people may be legally used and handled. QUESTION 2 †¢How would you go about outlining the 4 different roles of the regulatory body to Anjum’s parents? As a childminder it is important that all new parents considering placing their child in my care have a clear understanding of the regulatory body Ofsted and their roles. I would provide this information by the production and display an information sheet outlining Ofsted’s roles. In addition I would provide new parents with my recent OFSTED report and website address for OFSTED. It is important to be able to provide varying types of media to enable all new parents with all level of communication and language or cultural needs to understand the information provided. This may be in the form of different media formats including information sheets in different languages if required. OFSTED As a childminder I am registered and monitored by the regulatory body OFSTED. There are four main roles that the regulatory body OFSTED have to carry out to regulate child carer’s in order to ensure that all children receive the  best possible care away from their homes. childcare providers. ï  ®register the childcare provider, or suspend or cancel their registration ï  ®inspect the childcare, usually without arranging this beforehand (an unannounced visit) Investgation  take enforcement action against the provider in serious cases. REGISTRATION All carers MUST be registered by OFSTED, it is an offence to work with children and not be registered. (Carers exempt from being registered are those who care for children for less than two hours a day and under six separate occasions a year) A provider registered by OFSTED has to ensure all staff or people over 16 living with you at the premises or a regular visitor must obtain an enhanced CRB check, so that any criminal convictions are disclosed that make the person unsuitable to work with children. INSPECTION Inspection by an officer from OFSTED provides an evaluation of how you run your child care setting and is designed to help improve its quality and standards in the care, safety, learning and developmental progress of the children and their learning goals set out by EYFS. INVESTIGATION An investigation is carried out in cases where negative information is received regarding a particular setting to establish whether a registered provider is still meeting and complying with requirements of OFSTED registration. ENFORCEMENT If OFSTED registration standards are not met or severe misconduct is practiced OFSTED can take action against you and your business concluding in being struck off the register preventing them from legally working with children. In severe cases legal action can be taken. Bibliography I used information from the following sources: Websites 1. www.ofsted.gov.uk 2. www.legislation.gov.uk 3. Guide to registration on the childcare register, OFSTED word document 4. Children Act 2004 , Wikipedia.org 5. Childcare Act 2006. Wikipedia.org

Color of Water Rhetorical

Racism was a great dilemma for African Americans in the past. James McBride, who was the writer The Color of Water, is a great example on the hardships of racism. McBride tells us of how he and his mother were faced with struggles and still prospered though because It does not matter if he is considered Jewish or Christian; It does not matter if he is considered black or white, all that matters is that you must advance. James begins his life with confusion, not knowing which side to settle with and at the end of the story he is calm and has accepted his identity. He begins with memories about his father's death, about the lack of space in their house, about the hobbies his mother took up after his father's death and about how he was embarrassed by his Jewish mother. On one side he is profoundly in touch with his black side and on the other he despises it. For example, he is teased by the white, and is sent to a Jewish school. He switches between the two sides frequently. When his father dies, he pushes his family away and lives with his step sister and sees the real black life through encounters with the Chicken Man and others. On the other hand, he also traces out his white Jewish roots through his mother. He understands his mother's struggles and identifies with them. He begin to realize that she controlled her life, not her religion or her race and as he reaches this realization through his struggles as a black son of a white mother, as a Christian son of a Jewish mother, he understands that it doesn’t matter. He is what he makes of himself: the color of water. His best friend is a Jew and he becomes the best man at his wedding and McBride's mother attends his wedding and fully participates in it. These events marks the climax of all the struggles, religious and ethnicity, of the McBride family; the son's life rising from confusion and ambivalence. James asks his mother whether God is black or white, when he is a boy living in a black community with a mother who is white, and is doing so because he is confised about his personal race and who he is. Adding to the confusion, his mother responds that she is â€Å"light-skinned†. When his mother explains that God doesn't have a color, and that God is â€Å"the color of water†, he begins to grasp the concept of god being within us. Racism, in this time, affected many African American childrens goal in life. During my residency in Florida, I had a African American freidn who I was not allowed to speak to due to racial discrimination. Some individuals fear them or are provoked by the color, which to me is in-humane. When will we see equality among different races? Racism can be defined as a discrimination or prejudice, based on race and a belief that a particular race is superior to others. According to Christian beliefs, all humans have two ancestors, Adam and Eve. All humans are brothers and sisters but the unique in their own separate ways. Combine this with ignorance and it gives rise to racism. Racism has been around for a long time, and its effects are still being seen. James McBride and his mother stuggle during segregation in 1940-1970's. To this day racisms still exist. It may not be as worse as in the olden days, but it is still affecting individuals around the world. McBride reveals to us of how his life, during racism, was a complete struggle but still is able to prosper.

The Great Gatsby and Wealth Essay Example

The Great Gatsby and Wealth Essay Example The Great Gatsby and Wealth Paper The Great Gatsby and Wealth Paper He is also a main character and he perceives money as a status and uses his wealth to buy friends. Daisys husband, Tom, takes his wealth for granted because he was born with it and didnt ever have to earn any of it. Another point of view on wealth comes from Nick. He said, Whenever you feel like criticizing anyone, Just remember that all the people in this world havent had the advantages that youve had. (Page 1) Nick Just makes the amount of money he needs. He is not a greedy man. Nicks viewpoint is very similar to mine. I believe that its not about the amount of money one has, but the feeling of wealth. If one has enough money and is comfortable with it; they should be pleased. To sum it up, people should look beyond wealth and be happy with what they have. Initially, the view the world has on wealth and the pursuit of money has changed since the sasss, the setting for The Great Gatsby. All Daisy, Gatsby and Tom cared about was being wealthy. Today, wealth is a part of society, but thats not what its all about. In The Great Gatsby if people were full of wealth they would show it off by having big houses and luxurious things. Now, people dont always have huge houses but still have a great form of wealth. We need to distinguish wealth from income, not everyones wealth is earned. Many times money is inherited from family members. Furthermore, the top dogs in wealth will keep rising and receive more wealth. The study found that the share of wealth held by the top 10% of households grew from 1989-2010. This proves that once one is at the top of the wealth chain, and continues on in what one is doing with no problems, theyll stay up there and collect more money. Of course not everyone can be wealthy. There is a fair share of homeless citizens also. One out of 50 or about 1. 5 million American children are homeless each year. It is melancholy that some folks have so much money they dont even know what to do with it and there are some that can hardly afford to live. In The Great Gatsby, Daisy, Gatsby and Tom didnt really care about anyone else but themselves and the people they were trying to impress. Today, people are not as prejudice, they are willing to help others who arent as fortunate out. One does not have to be full of money to have a successful life; Gatsby seemed to of thought that because he used his wealth to awe Daisy. Luxury does not mean everything now in What is wealth? It is the abundance of valuable resources or material sessions. Wealth should not be a factor on any decision made on a person. Frequently people are rated, rich or poor. Personally, I do not think that is right. Often people are not wealthy because they earned it, but because they inherited some wealth or married a rich person. There are many people out there who will marry one simply for their money. Wealth should not be used as a status but as a feeling of happiness. One should never look down upon someone Just because they are not what is considered to be wealthy. Wealth cannot tell you what the persons personality is like or what kind of person they are.

Ethics In Business Essays (2344 words) - Applied Ethics, Free Essays

Ethics In Business Essays (2344 words) - Applied Ethics, Free Essays Ethics in Business From a business perspective, working under government contracts can be a very lucrative proposition. In general, a stream of orders keep coming in, revenue increases and the company grows in the aggregate. The obvious downfalls to working in this manner is both higher quality expected as well as the extensive research and documentation required for government contracts. If a part fails to perform correctly it can cause minor glitches as well as problems that can carry serious repercussions, such as in the National Semiconductor case. When both the culpable component and company are found, the question arises of how extensive these repercussions should be. Is the company as an entity liable or do you look into individual employees within that company? From an ethical perspective one would have to look at the mitigating factors of both the employees and their superiors along with the role of others in the failure of these components. Next you would have to analyze the final ruling from a corporate perspective and then we must examine the macro issue of corporate responsibility in order to attempt to find a resolution for cases like these. The first mitigating factor involved in the National Semiconductor case is the uncertainty, on the part of the employees, on the duties that they were assigned. It is plausible that during the testing procedure, an employee couldnt distinguish which parts they were to test under government standards and commercial standards. In some cases they might have even been misinformed on the final consumers of the products that they tested. In fact, ignorance on the part of the employees would fully excuse them from any moral responsibility for any damage that may result from their work. Whether it is decided that an employees is fully excused, or is given some moral responsibility, would have to be looked at on an individual basis. The second mitigating factor is the duress or threats that an employee might suffer if they do not follow through with their assignment. After the bogus testing was completed in the National Semiconductor labs, the documentation department also had to falsify documents stating that the parts had surpassed the governmental testing standards. From a legal and ethical standpoint, both the testers and the writers of the reports were merely acting as agents on direct orders from a superior. This was also the case when the plant in Singapore refused to falsify the documents and were later falsified by the employees at the have California plant before being submitted to the approval committees (Velazquez, 53). The writers of the reports were well aware of the situation yet they acted in this manner on the instruction of a supervisor. Acting in an ethical manner becomes a secondary priority in this type of environment. As stated by Alan Reder, . . . if they [the employees] feel they will suf fer retribution, if they report a problem, they arent too likely to open their mouths. (113). The workers knew that if the reports were not falsified they would come under questioning and perhaps their employment would go into jeopardy. Although working under these conditions does not fully excuse an employees from moral fault, it does start the divulging process for determining the order of the chain of command of superiors and it helps to narrow down the person or department that issued the original request for the unethical acts. The third mitigating factor is one that perhaps encompasses the majority of the employees in the National Semiconductor case. We have to balance the direct involvement that each employee had with the defective parts. Thus, it has to be made clear that many of the employees did not have a direct duty with the testing departments or with the parts that eventually failed. Even employees, or sub-contractors, that were directly involved with the production were not aware of the incompetence on the part of the testing department. For example, the electrical engineer that designed the defective computer chip could act in good faith that it would be tested to ensure that it did indeed meet the required government endurance tests. Also, for the employees that handled the part after the testing process, they were dealing with what

Cantebury Tales

Cantebury Tales Essay Canterbury Tales In discussing Chaucers collection of stories called The Canterbury Tales, an interesting picture or illustration of the Medieval Christian Church is presented. However, while people demanded more voice in the affairs of government, the church became corrupt this corruption also led to a more crooked society. Nevertheless, there is no such thing as just church history; This is because the church can never be studied in isolation, simply because it has always related to the social, economic and political context of the day. In history then, there is a two way process where the church has an influence on the rest of society and of course, society influences the church. This is naturally because it is the people from a society who make up the church. and those same people became the personalities that created these tales of a pilgrimage to Canterbury. The Christianization of Anglo-Saxon England was to take place in a relatively short period of time, but this was not because of the success of the Augustinian effort. Indeed, the early years of this mission had an ambivalence which shows in the number of people who hedged their bets by practicing both Christian and Pagan rites at the same time, and in the number of people who promptly apostatized when a Christian king died. There is certainly no evidence for a large-scale conversion of the common people to Christianity at this time. Augustine was not the most diplomatic of men, and managed to antagonize many people of power and influence in Britain, not least among them the native British churchmen, who had never been particularly eager to save the souls of the Anglo-Saxons who had brought such bitter times to their people. In their isolation, the British Church had maintained older ways of celebrated the major festivals of Christianity, and Augustines effort to compel them to conform to modern Roman usage only angered them. When Augustine died (some time between 604 and 609 AD), then, Christianity had only a precarious hold on Anglo-Saxon England, a hold which was limited largely to a few in the aristocracy. Christianity was to become firmly established only as a result of Irish efforts, who from centers in Scotland and Northumbria made the common people Christian, and established on a firm basis the English Church. At all levels of society, belief in a god or gods was not a matter of choice, it was a matter of fact. Atheism was an alien concept (and one dating from the eighteenth century). Living in the middle ages, one would come into contact with the Church in a number of ways. First, there were the routine church services, held daily and attended at least once a week, and the special festivals of Christmas, Easter, baptisms, marriages, etc.. In that respect the medieval Church was no different to the modern one. Second, there were the tithes that the Church collected, usually once a year. Tithes were used to feed the parish priest, maintain the fabric of the church, and to help the poor. Third, the Church fulfilled the functions of a civil service and an education system. Schools did not exist (and were unnecessary to a largely peasant society), but the Church and the government needed men who could read and write in English and Latin. The Church trained its own men, and these went to help in the government: writing letters, keeping accounts and so on. The words cleric and clerk have the same origin, and every nobleman would have at least one priest to act as a secretary. The power of the Church is often over-emphasized. Certainly, the later medieval Church was rich and powerful, and that power was often misused especially in Europe. Bishops and archbishops were appointed without any training or clerical background, church offices changed hands for cash, and so on. The authority of the early medieval Church in England was no different to that of any other landowner. So, the question that haunted medieval man was that of his own salvation. The existence of God was never questioned and the heart-cry of medieval society was a desire to know God and achieve intimacy with the divine. Leading a life pleasing to God was the uppermost concern, and the wide diversity of medieval piety is simply because people answered the question, How can I best lead a holy life? in so many different ways. Beginning with The Pardoners Tale, the theme of salvation is truly paramount. Chaucer, being one of the most important medieval authors, uses this prologue and tale to make a statement about buying salvation. The character of the pardoner is one of the most despicable pilgrims, seemingly along for the ride to his next gig as the seller of relics. For myn entente is nat but for to winne,/ And no thing for correccion of sinne, admits the pardoner in his prologue. As a matter of fact, the pardoner is only in it for the money, as evident from this passage:I wol none of the Apostles countrefete: I wold have moneye, wolle, cheese, and whete, Al were it yiven of the pooreste page, Or of the pooreste widwe in a village Al sholde hir children sterve for famine. Nay, I drinke licour of the vine And have a joly wenche in every town. In his tale, the Pardoner slips into his role as the holiest of holies and speaks of the dire consequences of gluttony, gambling, and lechery. He cites Attila the Hun with, Looke Attila, the grete conquerour,/ Deide in his sleep with shame and dishonour,/ Bleeding at his nose in dronkenesse. The personification of the deadly sins, along with his story of the three greedy men that eventually perish at the hands of their sin is a distinct medieval device. The comic twist that Chaucer adds to the device, though, is that the Pardoner in himself is as the personification of sin, as is evident from the passages of his prologue. At the conclusion of his tale, the Pardoner asks, Allas, mankinde, how may it bitide/ That to thy Creatour which that thee wroughte,/ And with his precious herte blood boughte,/ Thou art so fals and unkinde, allas?. He then goes on to offer each pilgrim a place READ: Robotics Essayfor a price, of course. The Pardoners place in Chaucers idea of redemption becomes evident in the epilogue of the tale. After offering the host the first pardon (For he is most envoluped in sinne and, supposedly, the equivalent of Chaucer), the host berates the pardoner, saying, I wolde I hadde thy coilons in myn hond,/ In stede of relikes or of saintuarye./ Lat cutte him of. By this, the idea of the pardoner as the most important man on the pilgrimage is brought to fruition and Chaucer makes the main point of this tale: Salvation is not for sale. Another example of the medieval obsession with redemption. However, some did not accept this and questioned the church It was what they wanted other than a holy life with a Old-Testament God; That style of thinking evenually lead to a more gentle, mother-figure as a goddess The Cult of the Virgin. The eminent question then becomes, Why would people change from a long-lasting, Old-Testament God to a mother-like goddess ? The answer is simply because they thought their new found Goddess would never be as harsh on people as the often criticized male like aspect of God. In both current Catholicism and that of the medieval period, Mary is worshipped with more fervor than even God or Jesus. Church after church was (and still is) erected in her name. Her likeness graced statues and stained glass with as much frequency as Jesus bloody head. The worship of Mary is fervent, institutionalized, and approved of by the Christian church. Is she not a goddess? Mary simply took the place of the female aspects of the spirit that were once worshipped as Roman or Anglo-Saxon goddesses. The medieval period, stretching approximately from the late seventh century to the early sixteenth, was bound together under one constantRoman Catholic Christianity. But beneath this curtain of Christianity many legends were being formed and passed down, as old pagan traditions became assimilated into a newly Christian society. The two religious forms were becoming intertwined. They seemed at this time to be tolerant of each other, not entirely distinct. A peoples habits and thought processes are not easily changed, and being that the Anglo-Saxons of Britain were not Christians until the mid-600s, a period of transition can be expected . At least, a fascination with their pagan ancestors existed, at most, the practice of the old ways. Examples of a fascination with magic, worshipping more than one god-like figure, and a continuing love for worshipping goddesses, exist in many texts written in this period. Yet, this does not mean that every village had a sorceress in their midst, but literature usually reflects the society within which it emerges. At the time of The Canterbury Tales, many of a people who were Christians officially, politically, and in most cases at heart, saw that there were elements of paganism and sorcery which is tolerated and respected. The society in which Chaucer writes these stories is Christian as well, politically and spirituallycould it be that they tolerated and respected paganism and magic? Perhaps the separation of the two is not necessary and was not complete at this point in time. Not only was magic a pagan tradition that persisted throughout the Middle Ages. .another tradition, changing at the time, reflected the transition from worshipping the unseen forces in the world as many gods, to one, omnipotent God. Although the people were Christians, they took the separation of spiritual powers far beyond the creation the Trinity. The specific powers or emphasis given to each saint carries on even into todays Catholic tradition. The medieval period may have had some of this (although many of the saints were not even born yet) but in their literature, many immortal and powerful creatures are found. This form of Paganism existed in Britain of the Middle ages, full of spiritual beings, full of magic, alive with heavenly power existing on Earth. It has been the nature of the Christian men in power through the ages to, for fear, deny their people the knowledge of the un-Christian richness in their ancestry, and so the traditions that were not masked as Christian are lost to students of Christian history and literature. But it seems this period had not seen such extensive discrimination. The two ways of the world were not quite so separate then, and matters of the occult were not yet labeled as evil. This again implies that perhaps the two forms of religious thought do not have to be completely separate. There are strong similarities for them to coincide and complement each other, and for an entire people trying to make the Christian transition, maybe this complementing was necessary. However, the age of forceful patriarchy and witch-burning would not come about for several hundred years. Each new way of leading a holy life was thought to be progressively more acceptable to God by its proponents than the ones that had gone before. Such new ways were normally inspired by a desire to break away from the corruption and worldliness which was perceived in the older or more established forms of Godly living. These new ways often became corrupt themselves and over time breakaways from them were hailed as a newer and more perfect way of following God. This roller-coaster ride of corruption and reform is basically the story of popular medieval religion as man battled to define and discover what it really meant to be a Christian. In an effort to escape persecution, but to also flee the evil, prevalent in the world and to seek God free from many worldly distractions, monks began to assemble as communities of Christians . These communities, although they had little organization, were regarded as possessing the best Christian life by having a solitary, ascetic, celibate existence where the world had been totally renounced and had been entirely replaced with heavenly contemplation. These new martyrs were usually just called monks: theirs was a life of daily martyrdom as they constantly died to self and lived totally for God. The monks paid particular veneration to the physical remains of the martyrs (relics) and were therefore connected to the martyrs who they replaced. The rise of ascetic monasticism and relic worship however was quite controversial Both the worship of relics and ascetic monasticism however became mainstays of this Medieval religion, and the idea that monks were a new form of martyr persisted over time. READ: Moral and Ethical Dilemmas Essay Both monks as well as martyrs were looked upon as holy men. In relating this solitary world to readers, there is also a monk in Chaucers work He is someone who combined godliness and worldliness into a profitable and comfortable living. He was the outrider or the person in charge of the outlying property.. ..which lead him to enjoy hunting, fine foods, and owning several horses. Monks renounced all their worldly belongings and by taking vows of poverty, chastity and obedience, joined a community of monks. Their lives were spent in communal worship, devotional reading, prayer and manual labor all under the authority of the abbot of the monastic house. Particular monks often had particular jobs- the cellarer or the infirmarer for example, and these like every aspect of monastic life were laid down in the Rule. Monks were nearly always of noble extraction (one had to have wealth in order to give it up) but could also be given to the monastery as children (called oblates) to be brought up as monks. Hindsight has blurred our vision of the Medieval monk and the result is that the modern Christian mindset has condemned him for his selfish escapism from the world and for his apparent neglect of those who needed Christ outside of the cloister. The Medieval mindset was very different. The monastery was an integral part of the local community it probably owned most of the farming land in the area- and the fortunes of the people in any area were bound up with the spirituality of its monastic house. The monks were on the front line of the spiritual battle-it was they who did battle in prayer for their community, who warded off devils and demons and who prayed tirelessly for the salvation of the souls of those in their community. Rather than being the cowards of Christianity unable to take the strain of living a Christian life in the real world, the monks were like spiritual stormtroopers interceding for an area against its supernatural enemies in mudh the same way as a local lord in his castle protected an area against its physical enemies. The people gave gifts to both lord and abbot in return for a service. The Pardoner also represents the tradition of faith in respect to the church of his time. The Pardoner is representative of the seamy side of the corrupt church and a broken or twisted (if you will) faith. The faith of a bureaucracy, which is what the church had become. The Pardoner was a church official who had the authority to forgive those who had sinned by selling pardons and indulgences to them. Although, the Pardoner was a church official, he was clearly in the church business for economic reasons. The Pardoner, a devious and somewhat dubious individual had one goal: Get the most money for pardons by almost any means of coercion necessary. A twisted and ironic mind, has basically defined himself through his work for a similarly corrupt church. In contrast, the Plowman has nothing but a seemingly uncomplicated and untwisted faith. The Plowman has the faith of a poor farmer, uncomplicated by the bureaucracy of the church. The Pardoner is probably on this journey because he is being required to go by the church or he sees some sort of economic gain from this voyage, most likely from selling forgiveness to the other pilgrims. The Plowman on the other hand is probably on this voyage because of his sincerity and faith in its purpose. While this was the story of religion at grass-roots level, at the organizational and hierarchical level, the church developed along a different line. It became more organized, more bureaucratic, more legal, more centralized and basically more powerful on a European scale. This process was spearheaded by the papacy and reached its pinnacle under Pope Innocent III in the early 13th Century. He embodied what became known as the papal monarchy a situation where the popes literally were kings in their own world. The relative importance of spiritual and secular power in the world was a constant question in the middle ages with both secular emperors and kings, and the popes asserting their claims to rule by divine authority with Gods commands for Gods people proceeding out of their mouths. The power of the church is hard to exaggerate: its economic and political influence was huge, as its wealth, movements like the crusades, and even the number of churches that exist from this period truly show its greatness. By the early 10th century, a strange malaise seems to have entered the English church. There are comments from this time of a decline in learning among churchmen and an increase in a love for things of this earthly world. Even more of these lax standards had begun a decline in the power structure of the church which included a decrease in acceptable behavior amongst churchmen and a growing use of church institutions by lay people as a means of evading taxes. Christianity affected all men in Europe at every level and in every way. Such distances however, led to much diversity and the shaping of Medieval religion into a land of contrasts. One can also see how mans feelings of extreme sinfulness and desire for God are quite evident in these tales. Still, we are told that history repeats itself because nobody listens to it, but more realistically history repeats itself because man is essentially the same from one generation to the next. He has the same aspirations, fears and flaws; yet the way that these are expressed differs from age to age. This is why each period of history is different. The fact that man is the same yet different is what makes the study of the people who formed the medieval church directly applicable to Christians lives and experiences today. Book Reports

Implications of Health Economic Concepts for Healthcare Research Paper

Implications of Health Economic Concepts for Healthcare - Research Paper Example They consist of the following; barriers to entry, asymmetric information, comprehensive government intervention, externalities, and intractable uncertainty in various dimensions, as well as presence of third party agents (Fuchs, 2011). The paper will discuss five economic concepts in healthcare economics. The study would also highlight the benefits of learning about health economics in relation to government and private sectors, government involvement in healthcare economics, financing, and delivery. Additionally, the paper will also discuss why health care professionals and decision makers need to value health economics. The health care professionals and decision makers need to comprehend the value of health economics, since health economists evaluate many kinds of financial information such as charges, costs, and expenditures. Furthermore, they also need to comprehend that main aim of health care economists is to offer information to the decision-makers so that the choices that they make, maximize the health benefits to the population. Health economics is concerned with saving cash while enhancing the level and distribution of population health with the available resources (Shepard and Thompson, 2012). Due to the complex nature of the health care industry, more effort needs to be done to further develop and standardize the concepts related to health economics. Health economics is considered as an integral part of health management from the peripheral level to the apex referral hospitals. The health care sector is characterized by extensive government intervention, ranging from operational licenses of the doctors and the regulations on service delivery. According to Alastair et al. (2010), the public sector involvements in medical care include social justice, redistribution, prevention of monopolies, and public goods. Social justice is applicable to situations where offering of health services to one

Critically discuss the importance of corporate sponsorship in the Essay

Critically discuss the importance of corporate sponsorship in the event Industry - Essay Example Sponsorship is not only a tool to help a marketer reach new audiences, but also a marketing technique to enhance brand image. This paper explains the conceptual frameworks and theoretical underpinning of corporate sponsorship in the event industry and illustrates its importance in modern marketing situations. Corporate sponsorship and its significance in today’s marketing environment will be examined with a view to recognize why many companies are spending huge amounts in sponsoring events. Corporate Sponsorship Keillor (2007, P. 242) defined sponsorship as cash or in-kind fee that is paid to a property such as a sports event, entertainment, non-profit event, organization etc in return for accessing to the exploitable commercial opportunities associated with that property. More specifically, a company may sponsor all or a part of the expenditures of sports or other types of events in return to advertise the company. Event sponsorship include athletic events, tennis or golf tou rnament, college or university games and sports, Olympics, art and cultural program, entertainment and festivals etc. Sponsorship is more useful in reminding the public about the product or service or their features, rather than informing or persuading them towards the business. Keillor (2007, P. 242) also pointed that sponsorship involves a fee paid in advance for future potential communication values, but advertising offers a more knowable and more controlled communication. As compared to advertising and sales promotion, that are the major two components of IMC, sponsorship is small, but expenditures on corporate sponsorship is increasing, mainly because many companies are finding the results they expected from the sponsorship. As Shimp (2008, P. 563) observed, brand marketers were estimated to spend $ 40 billion on event sponsorships in 2008. US marketers alone spent approximately $ 15 billion sponsoring in 2008. In 2009, the International Events Group Sponsorship Report estimate d that sponsorship expenditures as $ 45.2 billion (Donovan and Henley, 2010, p. 364). Worldwide expenditures on sponsorship have been increasing for last many years mainly due to that many large companies have found it to be an effective marketing strategy for better communicating the brand messages. Sponsorships: worth the money spent? One of the major criticisms is that sponsorship is merely a money waste. Shimp (2008, p. 567) argued that sponsorship is an enormous money waste and a drain on the marketing budget without well planned, structured and well thought business case as well as financial plan. Often, the expenditures spent on sponsorships with a view to build brand loyalty seems not worth. Many critics also argued that sponsorship arrangement involve little more than managerial or corporate ego trips. Many businesses go for sponsoring sports or other events with a view to meet famous athletes, gain great and luxurious accommodation etc. Sponsorship and expenditures pent fo r it can be justified from the marketing view point if there is a proof that brand equity as targeted could be achieved and financial objectives were met as planned. Sponsorship may not be an effective brand communication strategy for a start up business, small scale marketer, newly launched business etc, since these marketers are not already established, but sponsorship

Anthropological Finding in North Texas Term Paper

Anthropological Finding in North Texas - Term Paper Example All we have now is an immense collection of anthropological evidence of the lives that existed thousands of years ago in the form of human skeletons, mummies, broken bones and ancient campfires. Consequently, such kinds of material evidence are significantly important for anthropologists during the reconstruction of anthropological analysis of the particular area as well as in determination of the length of time they have been in existent. The arrival of the Spanish explorers into the greater Texas region during the 1500s however brought a new historical era characterized by written materials, drawings, pictures and other more accurate sources that are significant to historians and anthropologists. Generally, the previous forensic anthropological analysis of material evidence in the greater Texas region has revealed a mixture fascinating historical accounts as well as some painful recount of wars the Native Indians and the Europeans during the arrival of the European immigrants. For example after the arrival of the Spaniards in the area around Texas in the 16th century, a number of brutal cultural conflicts were witnessed between the Natives and the Spanish immigrants some of which resulted in near decimation of the Native populations in the region. Forensic anthropology seeks to identify and interpret the human skeletons as well as the accompanying artifacts using various anthropological techniques. This paper discusses the anthropological analysis and identification of three partial human skeletons as well as three artifacts that were found along with them in Spanish Fort, Montague County, Texas. The analysis of the three artifacts One of the artifacts that were found togeth er with human remains at the site was a long but thin Bird point arrowhead, which was approximately 2 inches long. We deduced that native Indians who used to inhabit the Northern Texas region probably used these kinds of artifacts to hunt wild animals. This is because some of the Bird point artifacts discovered at the site were found in the decayed carcasses of bison and deer. Bird point artifacts were not only used by the Native Indians for hunting but were also occasionally used as weapons during the frequent wars and conflicts. This was particularly before the invention of bows and arrows. The Native Indians probably placed the bird points to their spears to make them effective tools for both warfare and hunting. Another important artifact that was discovered was an Asphaultum hafting. This artifact was identified by the characteristic black color of its residues. It is speculated that during the prehistoric times, the Native inhabitants of Northern Texas to mould some form of pr ojectile weapons and hunting tools as well as to make a waterproof inner coat for their clay pots used Ashphaultum. Finally, the depression also contained an artifact known as Waco sinker. Although it is difficult to pinpoint the specific use of this prehistoric artifact, it is widely believed that the native Indians as bola stones or sinker weights used Waco sinkers during hunting. For example, the Waco sinkers may have been used by hurling them at the hunted animals and the two stones would then wrap around the animal and pull it to the ground. The close proximity of the artifacts with the discovered graves suggested that they may have been intentionally buried along with the bodies as votive offerings, grave goods or as hoards (Inca rebellion Video, 2007).The artifacts are therefore valuable hints at the culture of the dead individuals, their occupation as well their

Corporate and global strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Corporate and global strategy - Essay Example Finally the study tried to some useful recommendation in terms of research & development and value chain cost for the company. Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 1.0 Procter & Gamble 5 2.0 Corporate Strategy 6 2.1 Core Competency of P&G 7 2.2 Overall Scope 8 3.0 Business Level Strategy 8 4.0 Internal Analysis 10 4.1 Porter’s Value Chain 10 4.2 Barney’s VRIN model 13 5.0 External Analysis 16 5.1 PESTLE 16 5.1.1 Political Environment 16 5.1.2 Economic 16 5.1.3 Social Environment 16 5.1.4 Technological 16 5.1.5 Environment 17 5.1.6 Laws and Regulations 17 5.2 Porter’s Five Forces 17 5.2.1 Threat of New Entrants 17 5.2.2 Buyer Power 18 5.2.3 Supplier Power 18 5.2.4 Competition 18 5.2.5 Threat of Substitutes 18 6.0 Evaluation of Strategy 19 7.0 Conclusion 20 7.1 Internationalization of P&G 20 7.2 History of Global Expansion of P&G 21 References 22 1.0 Procter & Gamble Proctor & Gamble is a famous American consumer product company. The organization is headquartered at Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. The company was founded by William Procter and James Gamble in the year 1837. The company operates over ninety five countries internationally. Sales volume of the company has crossed a record mark of $82, 00 billion in the year 2011. The organization has established product leadership in various categories such as Skin Care, House Care and Oral care. More than 125,000 employees work in the Procter & Gamble. The consumer product company sells more than two hundred and sixty brands across the globe. The organization enjoys leadership in more than twenty four brands globally and able to obtain billion of dollars per annum from each of the product category. The consumer product organization has established more than twenty eight technical centres internationally (PG-Global, 2012). Proctor & Gamble emphasizes on adopting modern technology integrated with state of art research and development facility in order to achieve competitive advantage over competitors. Th ey have incorporated market research intelligence process in order to take strategic decision to expand business in foreign market (Kotler, 2009, p. 253). The company has expanded their business extensively in last twenty years and achieved phenomenal sales growth from their international business operation hence analyzing their business and corporate level strategy will help management practitioners to understand key ingredients required to develop a sustainable strategic model. Strategic analysis of Procter & Gamble will not only help management practitioners to gain insight about strategic choices but to gain knowledge about global business practices. These study will do strategic analysis of Procter & Gamble in the below mentioned manner. Step 1- Analyzing corporate strategy of P&G, Step 2- Analyzing business strategy of P&G and Step 3- Internal and External environment analysis. 2.0 Corporate Strategy The Cincinnati based company has realized the significance of globalization t o survive in the hyper competitive market and adopted themselves (read Clay Street Think Tank) according to the prerequisite of situation (Weiner, 2006, p. 22). The organization has shifted focus from delivering products to American consumers and established SBU or strategic business units internationally. Procter & Gamble has increased level of plant capacity with the intention of achieving economies of scale and deliver product mix in cost effective manner (Lofgren, 2005, pp. 102-115).

Controlling Organized Crime Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Controlling Organized Crime Paper - Essay Example Organized crime is often identified as a part of social system which allows reciprocal services to be carried performed by criminals. Large-scale organized crime is regarded as the most significant threat to human security, encumbering the cultural, social, economic, and political development of the society. It has been considered as a multi-faceted phenomenon which is evidently associated with different activities like drug transport, illegally transporting human beings, illegal trafficking of firearms, smuggling, money laundering, and many more. Especially, drug smuggling is the one that generates huge amount of profits. The evidences about the association between smuggling drugs and other forms of transnational crime demand an effectively integrated approach to address the particular issue. The United Nations Office on Drug and Crime (UNODC) is on their efforts to perform closely with Governments, international organizations, and civil societies to reinforce the collaboration to c ounteract the influence of organized crime and drug transporting (UNODC 2011). The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime is one of the major international instruments to counter organized crime (UNODC, 2011). The UNODC undertakes measures and uses the provisions of the Convention to formulate policies that counter the problems of domestic criminal offences. The policies include suggestion to implement new mutual legal assistance in order to facilitate extradition, law enforcement cooperation, technical assistance and training (UNODC, 2011). Organized crime can be in many forms when people start to work together, and the smallest crime where just two persons have agreed to contribute together is also considered to be â€Å"organized crime†, progressively leading to highest levels of Mafias among the gangs of immigrants. And such gangs have traditionally become a kind of half way house for recent immigrants. According to Levitt and Dubner (2005), the h istorical figures show that there were more than 1,300 street gangs, catering to every ethnic, political, and criminal issues in Chicago alone. Developing from these patterns, the society faces with issues from motorcycle gangs to the Black Disciples

The Great Pro-Democratic Revolutions of the spring of 2011 in Syria Essay

The Great Pro-Democratic Revolutions of the spring of 2011 in Syria - Essay Example Finally, there will be a comparison between the main topic to the ideas of the Makovsky and Ross thesis in addition to a thorough conclusion. There are three basic myths as analyzed by Makovsky and Ross in the book of Myths, Peace, and Illusions: Finding a New Direction for the US in the Middle East. The first myth shows that all issues concerning the Middle Eastern countries are associated with the conflicts between Israel and Palestine. The second myth is the comparison between the engagement and non-engagement of regimes, changes in regimes and their behavior. The final myth discussed by the two authors concerns the question about the democracy promotion. In the first myth, the Arabs claimed that they had a large population in Palestine before the creation of Israel forgetting there was Jewish population as well. The conflict began when Palestine wanted to create their own Jewish State claiming that they owned, but the Zionists rejected their right. It was claimed that Zionist leaders had a legal mandate for the existence of Israel State which was false as recommended by the UN. According to Ross and Makovsky, the old s aying that everything in the Middle East was connected to everything else gives a better roadmap rather than rejecting any connection between Israel and other matters (Ross & Makovsky, 2010). In the second myth, Ross and Makovsky focus on Iran and their satellites, Hamas, and Hezbollah, with Israel. The pattern of conflict between two-states was repeated when Hamas was voted into power in the year 2006. Hamas had accepted the form of the Israel state, although it rejected the two-state solution claiming that it was meant to destroy Israel. After Ismail Haniyeh was being elected in 2006, he said that Hamas had accepted the formation of a Palestinian state, according to 1967 borders.  Ã‚  

Controlling Organized Crime Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Controlling Organized Crime Paper - Essay Example Organized crime is often identified as a part of social system which allows reciprocal services to be carried performed by criminals. Large-scale organized crime is regarded as the most significant threat to human security, encumbering the cultural, social, economic, and political development of the society. It has been considered as a multi-faceted phenomenon which is evidently associated with different activities like drug transport, illegally transporting human beings, illegal trafficking of firearms, smuggling, money laundering, and many more. Especially, drug smuggling is the one that generates huge amount of profits. The evidences about the association between smuggling drugs and other forms of transnational crime demand an effectively integrated approach to address the particular issue. The United Nations Office on Drug and Crime (UNODC) is on their efforts to perform closely with Governments, international organizations, and civil societies to reinforce the collaboration to c ounteract the influence of organized crime and drug transporting (UNODC 2011). The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime is one of the major international instruments to counter organized crime (UNODC, 2011). The UNODC undertakes measures and uses the provisions of the Convention to formulate policies that counter the problems of domestic criminal offences. The policies include suggestion to implement new mutual legal assistance in order to facilitate extradition, law enforcement cooperation, technical assistance and training (UNODC, 2011). Organized crime can be in many forms when people start to work together, and the smallest crime where just two persons have agreed to contribute together is also considered to be â€Å"organized crime†, progressively leading to highest levels of Mafias among the gangs of immigrants. And such gangs have traditionally become a kind of half way house for recent immigrants. According to Levitt and Dubner (2005), the h istorical figures show that there were more than 1,300 street gangs, catering to every ethnic, political, and criminal issues in Chicago alone. Developing from these patterns, the society faces with issues from motorcycle gangs to the Black Disciples

Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

Romeo and Juliet Essay Yesterday evening, terror had struck the streets of Verona when there was a brawl between the Capulets and the Montagues. The end result was two fatalities and one missing person. Tybalt Capulet, nephew of the Lord Capulet’s wife, was allegedly slain by Romeo Montague, son of the great Lord Montague. Mercutio, kin to Prince Escalus, was the other casualty. He was allegedly slain by Tybalt, using Romeo as a shield when trying to break them up. Benvolio, of the Montagues, was an eye-witness to the terrible scene and was interviewed for hid full report on what happened. According to him, Tybalt wanted to fight Romeo, but Romeo declined and tried to mediate the situation also making alleged suggestions that they were related. And Mercutio, who had some violent tendencies, decided that he would fight Tybalt himself. But, in Romeo’s attempt to solve the problem, he got in between the two of them and Tybalt ended up stabbing Mercutio. He died on the spot. Then, Romeo’s anger got the best of him and he killed Tybalt for killing his best friend. Then, he just decided to flee the scene so he wouldn’t get caught. However, Lady Montague had her own side of the story she said â€Å"Benvolio is a Montague; he is not telling the truth. There must have been twenty guys fighting against Tybalt. Romeo must not live! † Lord Montague had said during his interview, â€Å"Romeo and Mercutio were best friends, he was doing what the law would have done to Tybalt, and he killed him. † A few weeks ago, the Prince declared that if he heard of one more fight between the two infamous families, there would be a death sentence. You would think that with this warning, the families would consider changing their violent ways. We got a few comments from the Prince, saying that the families will pay for the unfortunate events of the terrible night and an immediate exile against Romeo was declared. He clearly stated â€Å"If those who kill are given mercy, that’s as much as giving permission for murder. † As for now, our deepest sympathies go out to the kin of the fatalities.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Online Accounting Systems Information Technology Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Online Accounting Systems Information Technology Essay When a diminutive company desires to apply accounting software then they have to stick to the conventional method of accounting as the price of any certified accounting software is quite high and relatively unfamiliar to many. This concept has received a big blow as these small businesses now have a choice. Accounting software can be procured and mounted on your computer. However, with the presence of ever developing internet a consumer can locate the identical packaged application on the web and doesnt have to download or purchase anything. I dont matter if your company is local, or national, or international any business can at present employ internet based accounting software. It doesnt depend on the size of the business you uphold, there are certain aspects of considerable importance when it comes working online especially with companys accounts. Security is a major concern and one of the primary steps a large amount of network based merchandises think for users. Web based financial account software handle its personal database hub and all the records are accumulated on huge network servers. Supplementary queries can be raised to internet based companies on the support of their infrastructure. Take a note of the number of web data servers are preserved for backups, involuntarily or manually, backup strength must be taken as the primary factor after security. Everything will appear simple when consumers dont have to consider or worry about backups any longer. Think of the amount of times every year somebody has to volunteer and preserve your server, format it and your system or else you have to worry about it. How overwhelming that charge sounds as the acc ounting application and database for the company is stored on a Personal computer or the businesss server. With everything available on the web, you can easily overlook any troubleshooting mishap. IT is addressing certain issues as they come up for the accounting software used on the Web. As a matter of fact, a number of web based sellers have forged a plan which will give sufficient time on the maintenance of the entire system and that to on weekly basis. Usually, reviving or modification is done twice or thrice a year where users are informed before hand. Usability is marginally equivalent to 100% both day and night, daily, from any internet accessible tool restricted by a user security system and log on necessities. You will have a lot of capital saving chances while choosing a web based system to have your data. Advisors are no more required to keep the financial accounts and every inescapable timely security update that happen in every application. An unforeseen power reserves arises when small and large businesses toggle to web based application. Reportedly, it was observed that a company saved around millions of dollars from power savings. Additional savings piles up with the exclusion of investment on resources to get the entire system equipped to go. Typically it takes around six months for a large business to mount, switch information, examine and other tedious problems which leads to the build up. This entire process of setting up the infrastructure is quite quick for small companies when they switch to the web based application. The start up time includes the conversation which happens to make the decision. The businesses save in arrangement and setting up of resources of the more dominant accounting structure. There are constantly straight finances requirements when a small sized business raises or modifies their accounting method. Though, web based deliberation is merely used monthly and only for purposeful use of the company. This denotes that web based software can develop with the corporation. It makes the entire infrastructure flexible and switching becomes a small head ache. 2. How to select accounting software? It is extremely necessary to be certain that you acquire an approved or accepted small business accounting application. Do not rely on the most popular or used accounting software as it might not suit your needs, therefore, it is imperative to do some research and make certain inquiries. Security is a major concern and one of the primary steps a large amount of network based merchandises think for users. Web based financial account software handle its personal database hub and all the records are accumulated on huge network servers. Supplementary queries can be raised to internet based companies on the support of their infrastructure. There are several essential aspects to reflect on, which can help in getting the assurance that you have the precise selection to suit your company requirements. Primarily, when it comes to selecting the exact company accounting software,  meet a specialized and knowledgeable accountant whom you can rely upon. Many a times, the accountant is conscious of fiscal managing software that is vital for your company. Secondly,  the volume of your commerce when it is down to yearly sales is an important thing to think  in selecting the correct  company accounting software. The intensity of support while purchasing software will count and make a note that you will need this continuing support after accomplishment. These are actually essential in selecting the exact business accounting application. You may misguidedly purchase software that will require patches and improvements exactly following your acquisition of the business accounting software. This kind of software will not be able to cope with your budding business developments. There is also an option of either acquiring permanent and reactive software or web based accounting systems that can be accustomed and arranged to particular or varying requirements. Take a note of the number of web data servers are preserved for backups, involuntarily or manually, backup strength must be taken as the primary factor after security. Everything will appear simple when consumers dont have to consider or worry about backups any longer. Think of the amount of times every year somebody has to volunteer and preserve your server, format it and your system or else you have to worry about it. How overwhelming that charge sounds as the accounting application and database for the company is stored on a Personal computer or the businesss server. Irrespective of the strength of your company, you must choose a system that can revolve itself on timely basis along with the company. When your business expands your accounts also grows in the same magnitude, it is directly proportional to each other. In fact, you must select a robust system that can offer you such space. And I do not favor repeated switching of accounting software. Finally, in the selection of the precise commerce accounting software you should ensure that  it is uncomplicated and dependable. Straightforwardness and consistency is in fact all you require for any web based accounting or business software as web based systems can effortlessly bend to the exact purposes and alterations in your corporation. These straightforward points and techniques will assist you discover the exact and suitable business accounting software or web based commerce system for your trade. In summing up, the online software saves time and straight operating expense for a business, small, medium, and large. The requirement for experts is almost eradicated; improvements and mechanical difficulties with the system are managed by the web based business technical support. Bookkeeping utilities are with no trouble introduced to your pact based online system as the means of trailing accounts augments with the ever expanding business. 3. Think wisely and choose! It is very important to know what kind of accounting system you want. This plays a great role as you have to have an eye for the future. There are many factors that play a vital role in the selection of accounting software. We tend to overlook certain small but significant factors which describes the efficiency of the software. You will certainly at some point of time rely on definite support but you must do your home work as it the matter of your companys accounts. Accounts or financial data shows the performance and growth of a company. This information has to be preserved in a secured way as it holds all the secrets of a company. Hence, for a companys head or owner it is important to choose specific software which proffers you space, solidity and consistency. Starting with selection, it is a head ache if you do not belong to the accounting or commerce fraternity. It does not matter; all you need to do is to know your requirements. In order to do so, you will need to discuss with your accounting team. Don not rely on famous and popular accounting software and you should confirm that it fulfill your needs. In fact, have a meeting or meetings and try to bring up a list of requirements. In that case you must check the following points Security, yes, when it comes to accounts it is never safe to rely on something you dont know. Bugs are common in software and any bug can kill your entire annual history. However, if anyone has all your accounting data then you might have to face prolong nightmares. So, talk to your team and verify the software in order to check its reliability. If the software is secured then around 50% of your problem is solved. Requirements, yes, you will need to check the requirements such as resources it needs to initiate. A huge software can ask for millions dollars of resources and infrastructure. A large company usually takes around six to seven months to set up their system. So, you need to verify certain aspects such as resource requirement. In this section, back up plays an important point so; you must check that aspect too. System shutdown and power failure are common happenings. Flexibility rather usability of the system plays an important role. Irrespective of the strength of your company, you must choose a system that can revolve itself on timely basis along with the company. When your business expands your accounts also grows in the same magnitude, it is directly proportional to each other. In fact, you must select a robust system that can offer you such space. And I do not favor repeated switching of accounting software. Hence, this is a major point to look for in accounting business system. If you can get hold of such factors and comprise it into your software then you are on the correct track. Software needs to have proper security which encloses the reliability factor. Then, accounting software must have all the resources to offer any kind of backup if any power mishap or system crashes. Finally, all you need is flexibility of switching whenever needed. Software has updates and versions, so make sure that you have the latest version. As you company will grow you accounts will expand too, thus, you must take a note of that. Irrespective of your company magnitude, small, or mid-sized, or large, you must look for such attributes when it comes to accounting business software. At the end, you will have two choices, either desktop base software or online software. Think wisely and choose. Accounting Software- The Benefits You Can Take Word Count: 605 Computers together with their applications have become incorporated to mans life. It is something that could provide you with information in a very efficient manner and could relieve you from different task that simply rule over your life. Well, one of the mundane tasks in which people love avoiding from is accounting. It could really be frustrating working with figures and solving different financial problems. Well, if you are one of those people who are thinking about a good way on how to manage accounting issues, then making use of accounting software would be a great idea. Here are some of the benefits that you can possibly take if you use this kind of software: Ease of accessibility- most of the accounting programs these day are offering simple as well as easy interface top assist in entering the accounting data without any difficulty. Even those people with only little or no experience in accounting could really feel the assurance that the data they had entered is correct. In most software applications, the data-entry points will correct or will ask you for confirmations when something appear to be entered in a wrong manner. This feature of accounting software could really help you in saving hours of work. Reports- Most of the software programs has some functionality with regards to reporting. It actually lets the business owner in reviewing the latest status of the business any time. It could be done by simple press and clicks. The additional flexibility of having an accurate as well as reliable data could enable the user in making informed as well as educated decisions. Making the quality reports is usually a job of an accountant or of the owner of the business. Well, computers already took this role over them. Thus, it makes the accounting software efficient and effective. Solutions- though accounting software could do the task of accounting in a very less as well as intimidating time, they also opened the doors for fraud. Thus, staying with a secure procedure and locking down your computer system using passwords is something essential if you really want to prevent your business from dishonest employee from stealing things from you. So, simply keep it locked all the time. Taxes- at the end of the year, lots of people find themselves mixing up just to get the data in order to prepare their personal as well as tax returns into their business. As a matter of fact, many people totally find this matter a really daunting job in which they are farming out the process for a tax professional rather than dealing with it by themselves. Most of the accounting programs are designed, thus the user could map up the items in an individual manner. As a result, the information could be exported to different kinds of tax software. When it is done correctly with the set up of the software itself, the business owner could efficiently save themselves from the cost of preparing tax each and every year. You can surely make accounting job easier by making use of the accounting software. With such, those advantages mentioned above could be easily attained without taking any sort of circumstances or confusions unlike what you used to experience by using traditional accounting. Thus, what are you waiting for? Do not let yourself and your business left behind. Get yourself involved by simply using a good accounting software and make things effective and efficient. Simply keep those benefits in mind. Using good accounting software truly values the money you spent for having it. So, what are you waiting for? Get one now.